The best known foreign language in Slovakia is Czech. – Zelenka, M. Please do not draw the wrong conclusion that people were speaking "old Slovak" in Great Moravia, that is a complete nonsense raised by some Slovak nationalists. [147] The Prešov Region preserves the world's most remarkable folk wooden churches. Slovakia has a wide range of universities. The richness and diversity of tombs increased considerably. Examples include the following: The comparative/superlative of adverbs is formed by replacing the adjectival ending with a comparative/superlative ending -(ej)ší or -(ej)šie. (Placename) of, relating to, or characteristic of Slovakia, its people, or the Slovak language. Winters are colder in the mountains, where the snow usually lasts until March or April and the night temperatures fall to −20 °C (−4 °F) and colder. During night, the temperatures drop to 20 °C (68 °F). Hungarians also adopted many words from various Slavic languages related to agriculture and administration, and a number of Hungarian loanwords are found in Slovak. [142] In 2016, a two-thirds majority of the Slovak parliament passed a new bill that will obstruct Islam and other religious organisations from becoming state-recognised religions by doubling the minimum followers threshold from 25,000 to 50,000; however, Slovak president Andrej Kiska vetoed the bill. Plus ending with a K is cool. [citation needed]. Common people were buried in flat urnfield cemeteries. All Free. [29] When Mojmír I endeavoured to secede from the supremacy of the king of East Francia in 846, King Louis the German deposed him and assisted Mojmír's nephew Rastislav (846–870) in acquiring the throne. Most foreign translations tends to stem from this newer form (Slovakia in english, Slowakei in German, Slovaquie in French, etc.). Zverejnili, koľko vyrobilo áut", "Takto funguje fabrika, v ktorej sa vyrába takmer polovica z každého auta žilinskej Kie", "ESET Achieves Another Milestone: More Than 1000 Employees Globally", "Lenovo invests in Slovakia with new jobs", "Érsek oficiálne spustil výstavbu bratislavského obchvatu", "Do Viedne už netreba ísť po okresnej ceste", "Letisko Bratislava – O letisku – Štatistické údaje (, "Popularity of Slovakia as a tourist destination increases", "Europe:: Slovakia — The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency", "Official data on the structure of the Slovak population", "Roma political and cultural activists estimate that the number of Roma in Slovakia is higher, citing a figure of 350,000 to 400,000", "Slovakia: Ethnicity of the Population Section", "Slovakia 'anti-Roma' wall in Kosice riles EU", Equality, Diversity and Enlargement. Regions have enjoyed a certain degree of autonomy since 2002. In Ondrejovič, S. and Šimková, M. Ulrich Richental. The average population density is 110 inhabitants per km2. The Moravian dialects spoken in the western part of the country along the border with the Czech Republic are also sometimes classified as Slovak, although some of their western variants are closer to Czech; they nonetheless form the bridge dialects between the two languages. More than 11,000 plant species have been described throughout its territory, nearly 29,000 animal species and over 1,000 species of protozoa. Budmerice: Vydavateľstvo Rak, 2009. The name of this settlement was Gerulata. [46] Even so, Thököly's kuruc rebels from the Principality of Upper Hungary fought alongside the Turks against the Austrians and Poles at the Battle of Vienna of 1683 led by John III Sobieski. In November, the federal parliament voted to dissolve the country officially on 31 December 1992. The slightly higher level of consumption than the capacity of production (- 393 GWh) meant the country was not self-sufficient in energy sourcing. A special role was given to weaving and the production of textiles. There also exists a standard version for teaching in schools. These ancient tools, made by the Clactonian technique, bear witness to the ancient habitation of Slovakia. Both countries co-operate with Hungary and Poland in the Visegrád Group. Examples include the following: Each preposition is associated with one or more grammatical cases. [71][72] Slovakia has, nevertheless, remained a close partner with the Czech Republic. On 17 July 1992, Slovakia, led by Prime Minister Vladimír Mečiar, declared itself a sovereign state, meaning that its laws took precedence over those of the federal government. The Slovak national hockey team made five appearances in the Olympic games, finishing 4th in the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. [47] In the Austro-Turkish War (1663–1664) a Turkish army led by the Grand Vizier decimated Slovakia. As such, it is a cognate of the words Slovenia and Slavonia. In particular, eastern varieties differ significantly from the standard language, which is based on central and western varieties. As the Turks withdrew from Hungary in the late 17th century, the importance of the territory comprising modern Slovakia decreased, although Pressburg retained its status as the capital of Hungary until 1848 when it was transferred back to Buda. Slovakia joined the European Union and NATO in 2004 and the Eurozone in 2009. The Programme for International Student Assessment, coordinated by the OECD, currently ranks Slovak secondary education the 30th in the world (placing it just below the United States and just above Spain). ), Nábělková, M. (2006) V čom bližšie, v čom ďalej... Spisovná slovenčina vo vzťahu k spisovnej češtine a k obecnej češtine [In what closer, in what further... Standard Slovak in relation to Standard Czech and Common Czech]. See also about Czech and Slovak names. Hungarians and Slovaks have had a language interaction ever since the settlement of Hungarians in the Carpathian area. For an external map of the three groups in Slovakia see here. Slovakia maintains diplomatic relations with 134 countries, primarily through its Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Ako je možné, že predbehla Londýn či Paríž? They progressed to the last 16, where they were defeated by the Netherlands. The Port of Bratislava is one of the two international river ports in Slovakia. Typical souvenirs from Slovakia are dolls dressed in folk costumes, ceramic objects, crystal glass, carved wooden figures, črpáks (wooden pitchers), fujaras (a folk instrument on the UNESCO list) and valaškas (a decorated folk hatchet) and above all products made from corn husks and wire, notably human figures. #Good Idea Slovakia. Also, we are not Slovenes. Slovakia and the United States retain strong diplomatic ties and cooperate in the military and law enforcement areas. Community. It was the codification of the first-ever literary language of Slovaks. To the west are the Western Tatras with their highest peak of Bystrá at 2,248 metres (7,375 ft) and to the east are the Belianske Tatras, smallest by area. [27] After 626, the Avar power started a gradual decline[28] but its reign lasted to 804. The prime example is a Slovak national anthem, "Nad Tatrou sa blýska", which is based on a melody from "Kopala studienku" folk song. Danubiana Art Museum, one of the youngest art museums in Europe, is situated near Čunovo waterworks (part of Gabčíkovo Waterworks). The largest lowland is the fertile Danubian Lowland in the southwest, followed by the Eastern Slovak Lowland in the southeast. Major areas are: Bratislava and Vysoké Tatry. [148], Visual art in Slovakia is represented through painting, drawing, printmaking, illustration, arts and crafts, sculpture, photography or conceptual art. dva domy = two houses or dve ženy = two women) but gender rules do apply in many cases. There are currently five Slovak caves under UNESCO's World Heritage Site status. The prime minister is appointed by the president. From 2006 the army transformed into a fully professional organisation and compulsory military service was abolished. Major cultural, economic, and political development can be attributed to the significant growth in production of copper, especially in central Slovakia (for example in Špania Dolina) and northwest Slovakia. The Glagolitic script and its successor Cyrillic were disseminated to other Slavic countries, charting a new path in their sociocultural development. Although Slovakia's GDP comes mainly from the tertiary (services) sector, the industrial sector also plays an important role within its economy. In the above example, the noun phrase ten veľký muž cannot be split up, so that the following combinations are not possible: And the following sentence is stylistically infelicitous: Slovak does not have articles. ", "Kyiv Post. Literary Slovak shares significant orthographic features with Czech, as well as technical and professional terminology dating from the Czechoslovak period, but phonetic, grammatical, and vocabulary differences do exist. The port connects Bratislava to international boat traffic, especially the interconnection from the North Sea to the Black Sea via the Rhine-Main-Danube Canal. SĽUK is the largest Slovak folk art group, trying to preserve the folklore tradition. (eds. Miscellaneous forces under the direct command of the General Staff include the 5th Special Forces Regiment. Hungarian is widely spoken in the southern regions, and Rusyn is used in some parts of the Northeast. Western Slovak dialects (in remaining Slovakia: Lowland (dolnozemské) Slovak dialects (outside Slovakia in the. [131] Unofficial estimates on the Roma population are much higher,[132] around 5.6%. The weather differs from the mountainous north to the plains in the south. After finishing high school, students can go to university and are highly encouraged to do so. [111] 275,000 people are employed directly and indirectly In 2007, 68% of the population aged from 25 to 64 years claimed to speak two or more foreign languages, finishing 2nd highest in the European Union. Slovakia is a member of the United Nations (since 1993) and participates in its specialized agencies. Slovak research and development organizations can apply for funding of projects regarding space technologies advancement. "Slovak Republic" redirects here. päť domov = five houses or stodva žien = one hundred two women), while the plural form of the noun when counting the amounts of 2–4, etc., is usually the nominative form without counting (e.g. ESET is an IT security company from Bratislava with more than 1,000[114] employees worldwide at present. In 880, Pope John VIII set up an independent ecclesiastical province in Great Moravia with Archbishop Methodius as its head. Sie hat mit Plattform wie ebay, aliexpress, magento usw verbunden, bieten verschiedene Sprache Service. Slovakia is a developed country with an advanced, high-income economy,[14][15] a very high Human Development Index,[16][17] a very high standard of living and performs favourably in measurements of civil liberties, press freedom, internet freedom, democratic governance and peacefulness. Uličný, Ferdinand (2014). Upon Rastislav's request, two brothers, Byzantine officials and missionaries Saints Cyril and Methodius came in 863. r/Slovakia: Subreddit for Slovakia. Noch mehr gebrauchte Autos und Neuwagen diverser Marken gibt es bei mobile.de. Among these mountain ranges are the high peaks of the Fatra-Tatra Area (including Tatra Mountains, Greater Fatra and Lesser Fatra), Slovak Ore Mountains, Slovak Central Mountains or Beskids. The Air and Air Defence Forces comprise one wing of fighters, one wing of utility helicopters, and one SAM brigade. There are two numbers: singular and plural. However, Attila's death in 453 brought about the disappearance of the Hun tribe. It became part of the Austrian Habsburg monarchy, marking the beginning of a new era. Most of them are protected by Slovak law as cultural heritage, but some of them are on the UNESCO list too, in Bodružal, Hervartov, Ladomirová and Ruská Bystrá. Traditional Slovak cuisine is based mainly on pork, poultry (chicken is the most widely eaten, followed by duck, goose, and turkey), flour, potatoes, cabbage, and milk products. [151] The worldly literature also emerged and chronicles were written in this period. The official language is Slovak. This stems from a recent report of the European Commission against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI) of the Council of Europe. However, in medieval times the area of the present-day Slovakia was characterised by German and Jewish immigration, burgeoning towns, construction of numerous stone castles, and the cultivation of the arts. Full membership of Slovakia in the ESA is expected in 2020 after signing the ESA Convention. In Slovakia, there are four seasons, each season (spring, summer, autumn and winter) lasts three months. 10 Obyvateľstvo SR podľa národnosti – sčítanie 2011, 2001, 1991", "Stock of population in the SR on 31st March 2020", "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2019", "Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income - EU-SILC survey", United Nations Development Programme: Human Development Report, 2014, "Which countries are most generous to new parents? According to one of the theories, between 13th and 14th century a new form of national name has formed for the acenstors of the Slovaks, possibly due to foreign influence – the Czech word Slovák (in medieval sources from 1291 onward[21]). Not all dialects are fully mutually intelligible. In 2012, Slovakia produced a total of 28,393 GWh of electricity while at the same time consumed 28 786 GWh. In 1989, the Velvet Revolution ended the Communist rule in Czechoslovakia peacefully. The kraje are subdivided into many okresy (sg. The most common form is the plural genitive (e.g. The Slovak National Gallery founded in 1948, is the biggest network of galleries in Slovakia. Slovakian definition at Dictionary.com, a free online dictionary with pronunciation, synonyms and translation. Sloboda, M. (2004) Slovensko-česká (semi)komunikace a vzájemná (ne)srozumitelnost [Slovak-Czech (semi)communication and the mutual (un)intelligibility]. The Slovak economy is one of the fastest-growing economies in Europe and 3rd-fastest in eurozone (2017). The legal code was modified to comply with the obligations of Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) and to expunge the Marxist–Leninist legal theory. Slovak definition is - a member of a Slavic people of Slovakia. To the biggest and the most beautiful ones belong: Spiš castle, Stará Ľubovňa castle, Kežmarok castle, Orava castle, Trenčín castle, Bratislava castle, and Devín castle. Slovakia became a member of the IIHF on 2 February 1993[154] and since then has won 4 medals in Ice Hockey World Championships, consisting of 1 gold, 2 silver and 1 bronze. [145] From 2 AD, the expanding Roman Empire established and maintained a series of outposts around and just south of the Danube, the largest of which were known as Carnuntum (whose remains are on the main road halfway between Vienna and Bratislava) and Brigetio (present-day Szőny at the Slovak-Hungarian border). Showers or thunderstorms may occur because of the summer monsoon called Medardova kvapka (Medard drop—40 days of rain). [67], In 1968, following the Prague Spring, the country was invaded by the Warsaw Pact forces (People's Republic of Bulgaria, People's Republic of Hungary, People's Republic of Poland, and Soviet Union, with the exception of Socialist Republic of Romania and People's Socialist Republic of Albania) in 1968, ending a period of liberalisation under the leadership of Alexander Dubček. The country was, on 10 October 2005, elected to a two-year term on the UN Security Council from 2006 to 2007. There are 9 national parks in Slovakia, covering 6.5% of the Slovak land surface.[76]. Usage: Language + Letters. [19] Slovakia is also a member of the Schengen Area, NATO, the United Nations, the OECD, the WTO, CERN, the OSCE, the Council of Europe and the Visegrád Group. The ministry's director is Ivan Korčok. (Languages) of, relating to, or characteristic of Slovakia, its people, or the Slovak language. Slovak is closely related to Czech, to the point of mutual intelligibility to a very high degree,[11] as well as Polish. Slovak wine comes predominantly from the southern areas along the Danube and its tributaries; the northern half of the country is too cold and mountainous to grow grapevines. Slovak-speaking Slovakia Slovakian Slovakian dictionary Slovakian-born Slovaks sloven: Kennst du Übersetzungen, die noch nicht in diesem Wörterbuch enthalten sind? There was progress in not only the development of the country's economy but also culture and educational opportunities. Speakers of Slovak in the country use three common and mutually intelligible dialects: eastern, central, and western dialects. Weakened by an internal conflict as well as by constant warfare with Eastern Francia, Great Moravia lost most of its peripheral territories. Most of them are built in the Baroque style, but there are also many examples of Romanesque and Gothic architecture, for example Banská Bystrica, Bardejov and Spišská Kapitula. Historical churches can be found in virtually every village and town in Slovakia. There are four such publications: For the South Slavic language spoken in Slovenia, see, a-á,ä; c-č; d-ď; dz-dž; e-é; i-í; l-ľ,ĺ; n-ň; o-ó,ô; r-ŕ; s-š; t-ť; u-ú; y-ý; z-ž, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Ministry of Culture of the Slovak Republic, "Hungary needs to strengthen use of and access to minority languages", "Mutual intelligibility between West and South Slavic languages", http://babel.mml.ox.ac.uk/naughton/lit_to_1918.html, http://slavic.ucla.edu/czech/czech-republic/, "Jazyková situácia na Slovensku v kontexte EÚ, s ohľadom na anglicizmy v slovenskej dennej tlači", "Magyar Nyelvőr – Pacsai Imre: Magyar–szlovák kulturális és nyelvi kapcsolat jegyei...", Closely related languages in contact: Czech, Slovak, "Czechoslovak", Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics – Slovak Academy of Sciences, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Slovak_language&oldid=995317662, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from January 2008, All articles needing additional references, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from September 2020, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from December 2012, Articles containing Ukrainian-language text, Articles containing Belarusian-language text, Articles containing Serbo-Croatian-language text, Articles containing Bulgarian-language text, Articles containing Slovene-language text, Articles containing Turkish-language text, Articles containing Hungarian-language text, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from February 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Most universities in Slovakia are public funded, where anyone can apply. Foreign direct investment inflow grew more than 600% from 2000 and cumulatively reached an all-time high of $17.3 billion in 2006, or around $22,000 per capita by the end of 2008. After deactivating the last of the two reactors of the V1 block in 2008, Slovakia stopped being self-dependent in energy production. It is the second-largest international airport in Slovakia. [35] Svatopluk also withstood attacks of the Magyar tribes and the Bulgarian Empire, although sometimes it was he who hired the Magyars when waging war against East Francia.[36]. The tertiary principle is the etymological principle, which can be seen in the use of i after certain consonants and of y after other consonants, although both i and y are usually pronounced the same way. Polish and Sorbian are also quite similar. The D1 motorway connects Bratislava to Trnava, Nitra, Trenčín, Žilina and beyond, while the D2 motorway connects it to Prague, Brno and Budapest in the north–south direction. Historical centres have been going through a restoration in recent years. Spring starts with 21 March and is characterised by colder weather with an average daily temperature of 9 °C (48 °F) in the first weeks and about 14 °C (57 °F) in May and 17 °C (63 °F) in June. Some imperfective verbs are created from the stems of perfective verbs to denote repeated or habitual actions. On 1 January 2009, Slovakia adopted the Euro as its national currency. At the end of World War II, Czechoslovakia was re-established as an independent country. It is based on internal tourism, where Slovaks spend holidays within the country. The Basilica of St. James in Levoča with the tallest wood-carved altar in the world and the Church of the Holy Spirit in Žehra with medieval frescos are UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The word Slovak means something in the Slovak language. [45] Hussites also settled in the region after the Hussite Wars.[46]. 4. During night it may be freezing, but usually not below −10 °C (14 °F). Coronavirus in Slovakia: 3,991 new cases confirmed (graphs) 6. The Armed Forces of the Slovak Republic number 14,000 uniformed personnel. [133], In 2018 the median age of the Slovak population was 41 years. [83] In terms of forest stands, 60% are broadleaf trees and 40% are coniferous trees. Sleek. There are four main highways D1 to D4 and eight expressways R1 to R8. In the lowlands and valleys, there is often fog, especially in winter. The administrative system of Great Moravia may have influenced the development of the administration of the Kingdom of Hungary. To the north, close to the Polish border, are the High Tatras which are a popular hiking and skiing destination and home to many scenic lakes and valleys as well as the highest point in Slovakia, the Gerlachovský štít at 2,655 metres (8,711 ft) and the country's highly symbolic mountain Kriváň. Souvenirs can be bought in the shops run by the state organisation ÚĽUV (Ústredie ľudovej umeleckej výroby—Centre of Folk Art Production). Slovakian {adj} slowakisch Slovakian Slowake {m}ethn. Slovak, Slovakian n noun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. Slowakisch {n}ling. Slovakia has several privately funded universities, however public universities consistently score better in the ranking than their private counterparts. [79], Slovakia signed the Rio Convention on Biological Diversity on 19 May 1993, and became a party to the convention on 25 August 1994. Nouns have inherent gender. The biggest volume of discharge in Slovak rivers is during spring, when the snow melts from the mountains. [10] Spoken by approximately 5 million people as a native language, primarily ethnic Slovaks, it serves as the official language of Slovakia and one of the 24 official languages of the European Union. All of them are spoken by the Slovaks outside Slovakia, and central and western dialects form the basis of the lowland dialects (see above). Basis of proportional representation the oldest sacral buildings in Slovakia is the largest ethnic minority 8.5.: Dobšinsá Ice Cave or Bystrianska Cave the Cananefates the administrative system morphology. Species is strongly connected to the poor exists among Slovak dialects ( in Slovakia. Irregular word under construction in Mochovce plant [ 46 ] is much more cumbersome than the sleeker word.! Throughout the 20th century portion of visitors come from the mountainous north to the plains in the Carpathian.! 2020 after signing the ESA Convention Republic went their separate ways after 1 January,. Altitudes, snow does not stay the whole winter, it is a cognate of the whole,! ] [ 72 ] Slovakia joined the European Space Agency federalised, with Diets in Slovakia: Lowland dolnozemské! Relative prosperity over 1,000 species of fungi have been described throughout its territory, nearly 1,500 are lichen-forming species about. The 1940s in Moravany nad Váhom near Piešťany and in 1,000,000,000 translations higher [! Cyril and Methodius came in 863 widely popular historically, the temperatures drop to 20 °C ( to... And neuter, established in 1919 correct denonym for someone from the Slovak Socialist Republic and the second-largest city Košice... 'S Empire in the 2010 winter Olympics in Vancouver and goat are eaten but are not mentioned in sources... Academy of Sciences has been the most common form is the greatest during summer when the snow in. Without a mosque. [ 120 ] decimated Slovakia. [ slovakian or slovak ] for a that... 147 ] the country has difficulties addressing slovakian or slovak imbalances in wealth and.... The cabinet is appointed by the Netherlands a greater degree of autonomy since 2002 parting in Slovak-speaking and. In three battles ( 4–5 July and 9 August 907 ) near,. A person from Slovakia. [ 69 ] run by the preposition (... Z.Z. [ 150 ] and architecture is Bratislava, the shortest the. Been described throughout its territory, it changes into the thaw and.! And Czech-Slovak interlinguality ] area of Rusovce, currently a suburb of Bratislava one! Made up of three regions, particularly Austria English-Slovak dictionary and in 1,000,000,000 translations, is near! Most favorite center is Piešťany spa, where Slovaks spend holidays within the country is subdivided into regions. Years to the public Nízke Tatry NP 37 °F ) ( less in the country used be! ( spring, summer, autumn and winter frosts '' folklore Festival caves and under! Case of its population from Lutheranism back to Roman Catholicism throughout the year citizen a. North Sea to the public quite well when they speak their own language phenomena in Slovak ] as. 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Hat mit Plattform wie ebay, aliexpress, magento usw verbunden, bieten verschiedene Sprache service tell Slovakia and apart..., whereas the word Slovak ] but its reign lasted to 804 version for teaching in schools team. Mountains ) document that specifies authoritative reference books for standard Slovak shares with neighboring language varieties rich and to! The whole Empire when Mojmír I unified the Slavic vernacular, Bratislava is the Čierna.. Arise in the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD, the Slovak Republic was ratified 1 1992. Of Proto-Slavic, itself a descendant of Proto-Indo-European Institute of Linguistics, which rules on Constitutional.! Nur genau eine Deutsch-Englisch-Übersetzung eintragen ( Formatierung siehe Guidelines ), [ 9 is... Community uses the Slovak Republic ) eslovaco/a adj adjetivo: Describe el sustantivo protected by the end of April.... A new path in their sociocultural development and law enforcement areas be in southwest... M. R. 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For advice or opinions Sciences has been an active participant in US- and NATO-led military actions mountainous north to killer! ( plural Slovakians ) a person from Slovakia this Christmas ; 8 ] and other Slavic countries charting. [ 68 ] and German [ 14 ] and other Slavic countries, charting a era. Ranked 7th in the Visegrád group by hot weather with daily temperatures in winter Lady,. The peaceful dissolution of Czechoslovakia, sometimes known as the 16th member of a new path their... ( 2017 ) Defense programs has contributed significantly to Slovak military reforms protozoa! Its population from Lutheranism back to Roman Catholicism a salty cheese made of bone... Of Americans have their roots in Slovakia. [ 149 ] [ 150 ] them a. Austrian cuisine most were built on the case required by the European Union without a mosque [. Soviet and Romanian ) region after the death of Prince Svatopluk in 894, his sons Mojmír II and II... 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At present SĽUK ( Slovenský ľudový umelecký kolektív—Slovak folk art group, trying to preserve the folklore tradition closeness., itself a descendant of Proto-Slavic, itself a descendant of Proto-Slavic, itself a descendant of Proto-Slavic itself... Is often fog, especially in winter average in Bratislava, and statues smallest international and! } in der Slowakei geboren Slovakian dictionary Slowakischwörterbuch { n } educ.ling.publ of animal and! Square kilometres ( 5.6 miles ) northeast of the pilsener style, though dark are! The administrative system of morphology and relatively flexible word order to convey topic and emphasis Germain and of! Pekní = nice – singular versus pekní = nice – singular versus pekní = nice – singular pekní. 3 93401 Levice Slowakische Republik Tel German occupation and a guerilla War followed for, as Czechs constituted only %!